![]() When the paper was full of writing, they rolled the paper into a cylinder with the writing inside, and left a hole down the middle. To make sure what they wrote down was protected, the ancient Egyptians only wrote on one side of a sheet (thin strip) of paper. But some were very long, over 150 feet long! Most papyrus books were only a few feet long. Either one end, or both ends were fastened to a stick of wood, or if you were very rich, a thin stick of ivory. The end of a strip was pasted to another strip, to form a long and thin continuous writing surface. Ancient Egyptian books were made from long strips of papyrus paper. The ancient Egyptians also used papyrus to make books. Then, they placed a weight on top of each stack. They beat the stack with a hammer to mash the strips together. Then they piled several strips on top of each other to make a thick paper. Hence they cut the dried papyrus sheets into strips. They pushed the mashed papyrus together into sheets, and let the sheets dry. The ancient Egyptians soaked papyrus to soften it, and then mashed it. ![]() They even tried to make boats out of papyrus, but that did not work very well since Papyrus absorbs water. Using papyrus to make boats might not have worked, but making paper out of papyrus worked really very well. Truly, papyrus was an important “gift of the Nile”. It was used to make everything. The ancient Egyptians used papyrus to make paper, baskets, sandals, mats, rope, blankets, tables, chairs, mattresses, medicine, perfume, food, and clothes. Papyrus was a weed that grew wildly along the banks of the Nile River. The size of this papyrus painting is approximately 14″ by 17 1/2″. She was proclaimed by Caesar as Queen of Egypt around 51 BC. Cleopatra is one of Egypt’s most famous queens and has been celebrated for her love affairs with both Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. ![]() Arsinoe was exiled and later murdered allegedly under the command of Cleopatra and her Roman allies.The Cleopatra papyrus painting is a very fine detailed piece full of colors and full of life. Ptolemy XIII reportedly drowned while trying to cross the Nile in 47 BC. In an attempt to depose his older sister, Ptolemy XIII allied himself with their half-sister Arsinoe IV, leading to a civil war known as the Siege of Alexandria. After the death of her father Ptolemy XII, Cleopatra and her co-ruler (and husband) – her younger brother, Ptolemy XIII – took control of the Egyptian kingdom. ![]() Mythologised in famous works of literature and art, popular depictions of Cleopatra have focused on satisfying our imaginations with outlandish tales which, although undeniably entertaining, are often retold with little proof that they actually happened.įirst and foremost, Cleopatra's turbulent and violent relationship with her own family is often remembered. Her complex narrative was left in the hands of her conquerors – the Romans – so that over time her reputation as a diligent and cunning diplomat was replaced with simplified representations of her as a devious woman. Surviving evidence about the queen has been hotly debated throughout history, explaining in part why her image is so provocative. Cleopatra testing Poisons on Condemned Prisonersġ887, oil on canvas by Alexandre Cabanel (1823–1889)
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